|
The Gravesend–Tilbury Ferry is a passenger ferry across the River Thames east of London. It is the last public crossing point before the Thames reaches the sea. ==History== ''See also notes on Tilbury'' There were many ferries crossing the Thames in the area around Tilbury: one such operated between Higham and East Tilbury. This was owned by the manor of South Hall in East Tilbury which itself was owned by Rochester Bridge. The principal ferry operated between West Tilbury and Gravesend and was under the ownership of the Lord of the Manor of Parrock in Milton-next-Gravesend. A sketch-map of 1571〔Drawn by a one-time Portreve (Mayor) of Gravesend, William Bourne, and included in ''The Book of Gravesham'' Sydney Harker, 1979 ISBN 0-86023-091-0]〕 shows evidence of two jetties, the one on the north bank leading to a northward road crossing the marsh. There are also houses marked on the marsh itself, which was important for sheep grazing; and there is some evidence to suggest that the ferry was used for the cross-river transport of animals and wool.〔(Tilbury Ferry: historical notes )〕 Although the 17th-century drawing might suggest a boat too small for large consignments, the long-established Gravesend market encouraged such traffic, and a contemporary account suggests that one of the boats used was a hoy, a forerunner of the Thames sailing barge.〔(Journey described by Celia Fiennes )〕 The rights to the Gravesend–Tilbury ferry were purchased by Gravesend Town Council in 1694. At the same time, the governor of Tilbury Fort obtained the right to a ferry in the opposite direction.〔 This originally operated from within the fort, but was later moved to a ferry house (now the World's End public house) just to the west of the fort. Sailing and rowing boats operated between Gravesend and Tilbury until they were replaced by a steam ferry service in 1855. In 1852, the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway (LTS) was authorised to operate a ferry but only for its own passengers.〔 In 1862, the Gravesend Town Council ferry and the Board of Ordinance ferry were purchased by the LTS.〔''The Book of Gravesham'' Sydney Harker, 1979 ISBN 0-86023-091-0〕 The railway company and its successors continued to operate the ferry until 1984.〔 Car ferries were introduced in 1927 and discontinued in 1964, following the opening in 1963 of the first Dartford Tunnel. In 1991 the service was taken over by White Horse Ferries Ltd and was operated by the , purpose-built in their own yard until 1995 when it was transferred to their Southampton Water service. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gravesend–Tilbury Ferry」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|